Every support technician needs a mental picture of what is inside the case and what each component does. This lesson builds that picture so later troubleshooting lessons have something to attach to.
Motherboard CPU and memory
The motherboard connects everything. The CPU executes instructions and is chosen by socket type and generation. RAM holds working data; more capacity and faster speed both matter, but the module type must match the board.
Storage and power
Solid-state drives are fast and silent; hard drives are cheaper per gigabyte. Interfaces include SATA and NVMe. The power supply converts mains electricity and must have enough wattage and the right connectors for the components installed.
Expansion cooling and form factors
Expansion cards add graphics, network or storage capability through PCIe slots. Cooling keeps the CPU and GPU within safe temperatures. Form factors such as ATX and Mini-ITX define what fits in which case.
Action Step
Open the specifications for your own computer, identify each component named above, and note one upgrade you could realistically make.
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